The Future of Gene Therapy: From Research to Clinical Application

Abstract

Gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach with the potential to treat and possibly cure a variety of genetic disorders. Over the past few decades, advancements in molecular biology, genome editing technologies, and delivery systems have revolutionized the field. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution of gene therapy from research to clinical applications. It explores the underlying principles, key breakthroughs such as CRISPR-Cas9, the challenges faced in clinical translation, and the ethical concerns surrounding gene editing technologies. Additionally, it outlines future directions, including innovations in gene delivery, regulatory frameworks, and the potential for widespread clinical adoption. The article concludes with a discussion on the socioeconomic and ethical implications of gene therapy, particularly as it transitions from experimental treatments to mainstream medical practice.